Leaving Cert Biology Ecology & Ecosystems: 11.

(a) (i) Draw a pyramid of

Question

11.

(a) (i) Draw a pyramid of numbers from the following food chain:

Cow lisp, Moth, Bat, Mites  
(ii) Give one limitation of the use of pyramids of numbers in ecology.

(b) After mating in the autumn, Irish bats hibernate through the winter then stir into life again the following spring. In early spring the grand (pregnant) females establish maternity roosts in buildings, attic spaces, under bridges and in other suitably undistributed locations, where they give birth to and rear their young. But populations, in general, are in decline as roosting sites are lost to development, and increased use of pesticides is both poisoning bats and robbing them of their insect prey.

A single pipistrelle or soprano pipistrelle – our smallest and most common nocturnal bat species, will eat anything at 3,500 or so midges, mosquitoes, moths and other insects every night, which the bats’d be plagued by much swarms of biting insects on balmy summer evenings.

(Adapted from "Batty about Irish bats" www.irelandwildlife.com, 2012)

(i) Suggest one advantage of females giving birth in early summer and not in spring.  
(ii) Name and explain one human activity that impacts on Irish bat populations.  
(iii) Sketch and fully label a predator-prey relationship graph to show how the populations of these two species fluctuate.  
(iv) Name one type of adaptation necessary for organisms to survive.  
(v) From the text, or otherwise, give two adaptations that bats possess.

(c) (i) What is meant by the conservation of species?  
(ii) Name and describe one conservation practice from agriculture or fisheries or forestry.

E.g.  
Ecologists monitor or survey animal population numbers on a regular basis.  
1. Suggest one advantage of carrying out surveys on animal populations:  
2. Describe the steps taken to estimate the population of a named animal species:

Named animal  
1. Captured (or how captured) /  
marked (or how marked) /  
released back into the same place /  
recaptured (or how recaptured) /  
calculation (or described)  
Steps for sessile or slow-moving animals:  
Quadrat /  
random (or how random) /  
counted /  
repeated (repeat times) /  
recorded numbers (or area) /  
calculated population (density)

11. (a) (i) Draw a pyramid of numbers from the following food chain: Cow lisp, Moth, Bat, Mites (ii) Give one limitation of the use of pyramids of numbers in ecology - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 11 - 2021

Worked Solution & Example Answer:11. (a) (i) Draw a pyramid of numbers from the following food chain: Cow lisp, Moth, Bat, Mites (ii) Give one limitation of the use of pyramids of numbers in ecology - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 11 - 2021

Draw a pyramid of numbers from the following food chain:

Give one limitation of the use of pyramids of numbers in ecology.

Suggest one advantage of females giving birth in early summer and not in spring.

Name and explain one human activity that impacts on Irish bat populations.

Sketch and fully label a predator-prey relationship graph to show how the populations of these two species fluctuate.

Name one type of adaptation necessary for organisms to survive.

From the text, or otherwise, give two adaptations that bats possess.

What is meant by the conservation of species?

Name and describe one conservation practice from agriculture or fisheries or forestry.

Suggest one advantage of carrying out surveys on animal populations:

Describe the steps taken to estimate the population of a named animal species:

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