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Answer the following questions in relation to the human nervous system - Leaving Cert Biology - Question b - 2014
Question b
Answer the following questions in relation to the human nervous system. (i) Name the type of particle whose movement in and out of neurons is an essential feature o... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Answer the following questions in relation to the human nervous system - Leaving Cert Biology - Question b - 2014
Step 1
Step 2
Give an account of how neurotransmitters work.
Answer
Neurotransmitters are signaling molecules that transmit signals across the synaptic cleft between neurons. When a nerve impulse reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters stored in vesicles.
These neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. This binding induces a response in the receiving neuron, which may lead to the generation of a new nerve impulse. Following this, neurotransmitters are either broken down by enzymes or reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron to prevent continuous stimulation.
Step 3
Distinguish between the position of the cerebellum and the position of the cerebrum in the human brain.
Answer
The cerebellum is located at the back of the brain, beneath the cerebrum, and is part of the hindbrain. In contrast, the cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is positioned at the top, encompassing most of the brain's mass and forming the forebrain.
Step 4