17. Answer any two of the following sections (a), (b), (c), (d) - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 17 - 2022
Question 17
17. Answer any two of the following sections (a), (b), (c), (d).
(a) The diagram shows a section through the spinal cord with attached nerves.
(i) White matter con... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:17. Answer any two of the following sections (a), (b), (c), (d) - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 17 - 2022
Step 1
What is the function of an axon?
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Answer
An axon carries impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands. It serves as the main transmitting structure for electrical signals.
Step 2
What is the function of dendrites?
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Answer
Dendrites receive signals from other neurons and relay them to the cell body. They play a crucial role in the communication between neurons.
Step 3
Name the nerve cells labelled A, B, C in the diagram.
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Answer
A: Sensory neuron
B: Interneuron
C: Motor neuron
Step 4
Give an example of a sense organ.
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Answer
An example of a sense organ is the eye, which detects light and enables vision.
Step 5
Name or give an example of an automatic response to a stimulus.
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Answer
An example of an automatic response is the knee-jerk reflex, which occurs when the patellar tendon is tapped.
Step 6
How does this automatic response to a stimulus benefit the human body?
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This response helps protect the body by ensuring quick reactions to potentially harmful stimuli, allowing for immediate action without conscious thought.
Step 7
Compare a nervous system response with a hormonal system response under the following headings:
1. Speed
2. Duration of effect.
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Speed: The nervous system response is faster than the hormonal system response, as it transmits signals through neurons almost instantly, while hormones take time to travel through the bloodstream.
Duration of effect: The nervous system effect is usually short-lived, whereas the hormonal effect can be prolonged and may last for minutes to hours, depending on the hormone's function.
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