The diagram shows a virus - Leaving Cert Biology - Question b - 2016
Question b
The diagram shows a virus.
(i) Name the parts labelled A and B.
(ii) Name two diseases in humans caused by viruses.
(iii) Suggest two methods of transmission of v... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows a virus - Leaving Cert Biology - Question b - 2016
Step 1
Name the parts labelled A and B.
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Answer
Part A is the protein coat (capsid) of the virus, while part B is the nucleic acid, which can be either DNA or RNA.
Step 2
Name two diseases in humans caused by viruses.
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Two diseases caused by viruses in humans include influenza (the flu) and AIDS.
Step 3
Suggest two methods of transmission of viruses.
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Viruses can be transmitted through contact with infected individuals or via water, as well as through air (respiratory droplets), or through transfusion of contaminated blood.
Step 4
Why are viruses called obligate parasites?
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Viruses are called obligate parasites because they can only replicate inside a living host cell. They depend entirely on the cellular machinery of the host to reproduce.
Step 5
What is a vaccine?
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A vaccine is a substance that stimulates the body's immune system to recognize and fight off pathogens. It usually contains an inactive or weakened form of the disease-causing organism or a part of it, prompting an immune response without causing the illness.
Step 6
Suggest a reason for this.
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Antibiotics are not usually given to a person suffering from a viral infection because antibiotics target bacteria, not viruses. They have no effect on viral replication or pathogenesis.
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