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(a) (i) Write a balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2015
Question 12
(a) (i) Write a balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis. (ii) Where precisely in a plant cell does photosynthesis occur? (9) (b) Researchers have taken an im... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:(a) (i) Write a balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2015
Step 1
(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis.
Answer
The balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$$ This equation demonstrates the process by which carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen, utilizing sunlight as the energy source.Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
(ii) Give the details of the dark stage of photosynthesis.
Answer
The dark stage, also known as the Calvin cycle, involves the fixation of carbon dioxide and the synthesis of carbohydrates. In this stage, carbon dioxide is incorporated into an organic molecule, ultimately resulting in glucose production. Rubisco, an enzyme, plays a crucial role in catalyzing the first step of this process. The resulting glucose can either be converted into starch for storage or used as an energy source by the plant.
Step 5
(iii) Give two uses of the main product of the dark stage.
Answer
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The main product, glucose, is utilized as a primary energy source for cellular respiration within the plant, providing necessary energy for growth and development.
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Glucose can also be converted into starch, serving as an energy reserve that the plant can access during periods of low energy availability.
Step 6
(iv) Name two environmental factors on which the rate of photosynthesis depends.
Answer
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Light intensity: Higher light intensity typically increases the rate of photosynthesis up to a certain point, beyond which it may plateau.
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Carbon dioxide concentration: An increase in carbon dioxide availability can enhance the rate of photosynthesis, as it is a key substrate in the Calvin cycle.
Step 7
(v) Suggest one advantage of using genetically modified crops.
Answer
One advantage of using genetically modified crops is that they can be engineered to have a greater crop yield, leading to more efficient food production. This can help address food security issues and may allow crops to better withstand environmental stresses such as drought or pest resistance.
Step 8
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Step 11
(iv) Name the compound D and give two functions of this compound in yeast cells.
Answer
Compound D is Water (H₂O). Two functions of water in yeast cells are:
- It acts as a solvent for biochemical reactants, facilitating various metabolic reactions.
- It helps maintain temperature and ensures appropriate conditions for enzyme activity and transport of nutrients.