In 1884, the Swedish chemist, pictured on the right, proposed a new theory of acids and bases - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 7 - 2006
Question 7
In 1884, the Swedish chemist, pictured on the right, proposed a new theory of acids and bases. He defined an acid as a substance which produces hydrogen ions (H+) by... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:In 1884, the Swedish chemist, pictured on the right, proposed a new theory of acids and bases - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 7 - 2006
Step 1
Identify the Swedish chemist.
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Answer
The Swedish chemist referred to in the question is Svante Arrhenius, known for his theory of electrolytic dissociation.
Step 2
Define base according to the theory proposed by this chemist.
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According to Arrhenius's theory, a base is defined as a substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH−) when dissolved in water.
Step 3
Give one example of a common household acid and one example of a common household base.
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A common household acid is vinegar (acetic acid), and a common household base is baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).
Step 4
What do you understand by the term neutralisation? Give one everyday example.
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Neutralisation is the chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water. An everyday example of neutralisation is mixing vinegar with baking soda, resulting in a fizzing reaction that produces carbon dioxide gas.
Step 5
Define pH.
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pH is defined as the negative logarithm to the base ten of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution, expressed as:
o = - ext{log}_{10} [H^+]
Step 6
What is the concentration of the solution in moles per litre?
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To find the concentration in moles per litre, first, calculate the molar mass of NaOH, which is approximately 40 g/mol. Therefore, the concentration in moles per litre is calculated as follows:
