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How many electrons are there in 2.3 g of sodium metal, Na? - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question (b) - 2003

Question (b)

How many electrons are there in 2.3 g of sodium metal, Na?

Worked Solution & Example Answer:How many electrons are there in 2.3 g of sodium metal, Na? - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question (b) - 2003

Step 1

Calculate the moles of sodium

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Answer

To find the moles of sodium in 2.3 g, use the formula:

$n = rac{m}{M}$

where:

$n$ is the number of moles,
$m$ is the mass (2.3 g),
$M$ is the molar mass of sodium (approximately 23 g/mol).

Substituting the values:

$n = rac{2.3 ext{ g}}{23 ext{ g/mol}} = 0.1 ext{ mol}$

Step 2

Determine the number of atoms in sodium

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Answer

Using Avogadro's number (approximately $6.02 imes 10^{23}$ atoms/mol), the number of sodium atoms can be calculated as:

$ext{Number of atoms} = n imes N_A$

where:

$N_A$ is Avogadro's number.

Therefore:

$ext{Number of atoms} = 0.1 ext{ mol} imes 6.02 imes 10^{23} ext{ atoms/mol} = 6 imes 10^{22} ext{ atoms}$

Step 3

Calculate the total number of electrons

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Answer

Since each sodium atom has one electron, the total number of electrons is equal to the total number of sodium atoms. Thus:

$ext{Total electrons} = 6 imes 10^{22} ext{ electrons}$

Step 4

Final answer

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Answer

The final answer, expressed in scientific notation, is:

$ext{Total electrons} = 6.6 imes 10^{23} ext{ electrons}$

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