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Define electronegativity - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question e - 2021

Question e

Define electronegativity. (f) Take the average bond energies for the C−C single bond and the C≡C triple bond as 348 and 839 kJ mol⁻¹ respectively. Why is the averag... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Define electronegativity - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question e - 2021

Step 1

Define electronegativity.

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Answer

Electronegativity is a number expressing the relative measure of the force of attraction (affinity) of an atom (nucleus of an atom) of an element for shared pairs of electrons in a covalent bond.

Step 2

Why is the average bond energy for the C≡C triple bond less than three times the average bond energy for the C−C single bond?

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Answer

The C−C bond is a single sigma bond, while the C≡C bond consists of one sigma bond and two pi bonds. Sigma bonds are stronger than pi bonds, and since the two pi bonds in the C≡C bond are weaker than the sigma bond, the cumulative energy of the C≡C bond does not reach three times that of the C−C bond.

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