Answer the questions below with reference to the organic compounds listed - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 7 - 2010
Question 7
Answer the questions below with reference to the organic compounds listed.
C₄H₁₀ CH₃CH₃ CH₃CH₂OH CH₃COOH
(a) Which one of the four compounds (i) has only tetrah... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Answer the questions below with reference to the organic compounds listed - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 7 - 2010
Step 1
Which one of the four compounds (i) has only tetrahedral carbon atoms?
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Answer
The compound that has only tetrahedral carbon atoms is ethanol (C₂H₅OH). In this compound, all the carbon atoms are bonded to four other atoms, resulting in a tetrahedral geometry.
Step 2
Which one of the four compounds (ii) has one tetrahedral atom and one planar carbon atom?
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Answer
The compound that has one tetrahedral carbon atom and one planar carbon atom is ethylene (C₂H₄). In ethylene, one carbon is sp² hybridized (planar) while the other is sp³ hybridized (tetrahedral).
Step 3
Which one of the four compounds (i) is found in large quantities in wines and spirits?
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Answer
The compound found in large quantities in wines and spirits is ethanol (C₂H₅OH).
Step 4
Which one of the four compounds (ii) gives the sharp taste to vinegar?
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Answer
The compound that gives the sharp taste to vinegar is ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH).
Step 5
Which one of the four compounds (iii) is used to synthesise the plastic PVC?
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Answer
The compound used to synthesize the plastic PVC is vinyl chloride (C₂H₃Cl), which is derived from ethene (C₂H₄).
Step 6
Describe the appearance of the flame produced when a sample of C₃H₈ is burned in air.
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Answer
When propane (C₃H₈) is burned in air, it produces a clean and bright blue flame. This indicates complete combustion, as optimal oxygen is present.
Step 7
Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of C₃H₈ in oxygen.
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Answer
The balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane in oxygen is:
C3H8+5O2→3CO2+4H2O
Step 8
What type of chemical reaction is involved (i) in the conversion of CH₃CH₃ to CH₃CH₂OH?
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Answer
The conversion of ethane (CH₃CH₃) to ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) involves an oxidation reaction. Ethane is oxidized to produce ethanol.
Step 9
What type of chemical reaction is involved (ii) in the conversion of CH₃OH to CH₃COOH?
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Answer
The conversion of methanol (CH₃OH) to ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH) also involves an oxidation reaction where methanol is oxidized to produce ethanoic acid.
Step 10
For each conversion, indicate a suitable reagent or reagents for the conversion.
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Answer
For the conversion of ethane (CH₃CH₃) to ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH), a suitable reagent is hydration with the use of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). For the conversion of methanol (CH₃OH) to ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH), a suitable reagent is potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) in an acidic medium.
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