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Why do atomic radii become smaller across a row of the periodic table? - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question d - 2017
Question d
Why do atomic radii become smaller across a row of the periodic table?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Why do atomic radii become smaller across a row of the periodic table? - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question d - 2017
Step 1
Increasing nuclear charge (number of protons, atomic number)
Answer
As you move across a row in the periodic table, the atomic number increases. This results in an increase in the positive charge of the nucleus due to the additional protons. The increased nuclear charge attracts the electrons more strongly.
Step 2
Increasing attraction between nucleus and electrons
Answer
The increased positive charge in the nucleus leads to a greater attraction between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons. As the attraction grows, the electrons are drawn closer to the nucleus, causing the atomic radius to decrease.