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GC and HPLC are instrumental chromatographic techniques - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question h - 2019

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GC and HPLC are instrumental chromatographic techniques. What is the principle of the separation of the components in a mixture using any type of chromatography? (i... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:GC and HPLC are instrumental chromatographic techniques - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question h - 2019

Step 1

How many milligrams of ibuprofen are in this single dose?

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Answer

To find the number of milligrams in a single dose, we need to compute the amount of ibuprofen in grams and then convert that to milligrams.

  1. Calculate the molar mass of ibuprofen (C13H18O2):

    Mm=206extg/molM_m = 206 ext{ g/mol}

  2. Use the formula to find the number of moles:

    n=mMmn = \frac{m}{M_m}

    Rearranging gives:

    m=nimesMmm = n imes M_m

  3. Substitute the values (with moles given as 4.86 × 10⁻⁶):

    m=4.86×106extmol×206extg/mol=0.000100116extgm = 4.86 \times 10^{-6} ext{ mol} \times 206 ext{ g/mol} = 0.000100116 ext{ g}

  4. Convert grams to milligrams:

    0.000100116extg=100.116extmg0.000100116 ext{ g} = 100.116 ext{ mg}

Therefore, the dosage contains approximately 100 mg of ibuprofen.

Step 2

Write a balanced equation for the reaction – between limestone and carbonic acid in rainwater – that gives rise to temporary hardness in the water.

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Answer

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between limestone (calcium carbonate) and carbonic acid is:

extCaCO3(s)+extH2extCO3(aq)extCa2+(aq)+2extHCO3(aq) ext{CaCO}_3 (s) + ext{H}_2 ext{CO}_3 (aq) \rightarrow ext{Ca}^{2+} (aq) + 2 ext{HCO}_3^{-} (aq)

This reaction represents the dissolution of limestone in rainwater, which contributes to temporary hardness.

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