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Study the reaction scheme below in which compound Y is produced by the reaction of compound X with water - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 8 - 2021

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Study the reaction scheme below in which compound Y is produced by the reaction of compound X with water. Y is often called isopropyl alcohol and it is a component i... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Study the reaction scheme below in which compound Y is produced by the reaction of compound X with water - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 8 - 2021

Step 1

Express its concentration in terms of moles per litre of isopropyl alcohol.

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Answer

To find the concentration in moles per litre, follow these steps:

  1. Calculate the volume of isopropyl alcohol in 100 cm³: The sanitizer is 70% (v/v), hence:

    70 cm3 CH3CH(OH)CH3 per 100 cm370 \text{ cm}^3 \text{ CH}_3\text{CH(OH)CH}_3 \text{ per } 100 \text{ cm}^3

  2. Calculate the volume of isopropyl alcohol in 1 litre:

    700 cm3 CH3CH(OH)CH3 per litre700 \text{ cm}^3 \text{ CH}_3\text{CH(OH)CH}_3 \text{ per litre}

  3. Calculate the mass of isopropyl alcohol: Using density (0.8 g/cm³):

    700 cm3×0.8 g/cm3=560 g CH3CH(OH)CH3 per litre700 \text{ cm}^3 \times 0.8 \text{ g/cm}^3 = 560 \text{ g CH}_3\text{CH(OH)CH}_3 \text{ per litre}

  4. Calculate the number of moles of isopropyl alcohol: The molar mass of isopropyl alcohol (C₃H₈O) is approximately 60.094 g/mol. Thus:

    n=massmolar mass=560 g60.094 g/mol9.3 moles per litren = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molar mass}} = \frac{560 \text{ g}}{60.094 \text{ g/mol}} \approx 9.3 \text{ moles per litre}

Thus, the concentration of isopropyl alcohol is approximately 9.33 moles per litre.

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