Photo AI
Experiments to develop autonomous vehicles have been taking place since the late 1920s - Leaving Cert Engineering - Question n - 2020
Question n
Experiments to develop autonomous vehicles have been taking place since the late 1920s. Today, most modern vehicle manufacturers are actively developing autonomous v... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Experiments to develop autonomous vehicles have been taking place since the late 1920s - Leaving Cert Engineering - Question n - 2020
Step 1
Describe the term autonomous vehicle.
Answer
An autonomous vehicle, often referred to as a self-driving car or driverless car, is one that can navigate and operate without human intervention by utilizing various technologies to perceive its environment. This includes using sensors, cameras, and sophisticated algorithms to make real-time decisions.
Step 2
Outline, with examples, the use of autonomous vehicles in industry and agriculture.
Answer
Autonomous vehicles are increasingly used in industries such as logistics, where companies like Amazon use self-driving delivery robots to transport goods. In agriculture, autonomous tractors can perform tasks like planting and harvesting, allowing farmers to focus on more critical aspects of farm management. These applications demonstrate the potential for increased efficiency and reduced labor costs.
Step 3
Explain the function of each of the following autonomous vehicle features:
Answer
The function of the different features is as follows:
(i) Radar sensor: This device uses radio waves to detect the speed and distance of objects around the vehicle, aiding in safe navigation under various conditions, including adverse weather.
(ii) Camera: Cameras capture visual data, interpreting traffic signs and detecting pedestrians to ensure safe interactions with other road users.
(iii) LiDAR unit: The LiDAR sensor utilizes laser pulses to measure distances to surrounding objects, creating a detailed 3D map of the environment, which is critical for navigation.
Step 4
Describe each of the following with regard to the efficient and safe operation of autonomous vehicles:
Answer
(i) Artificial intelligence (AI): AI plays a crucial role by processing vast amounts of data from various sensors to enhance decision-making capabilities, improving both safety and efficiency in autonomous driving.
(ii) Global Positioning Systems: GPS enables vehicles to determine their exact location in real time, which is essential for route planning and navigation.
Step 5
Designated levels of Vehicle Automation exist, ranging from level 0 to level 5. Describe the main features of any two of the following:
Answer
(i) Driver assistance (level 1): In this level, the driver must remain engaged while the vehicle assists with certain functions like steering or acceleration.
(ii) Conditional Automation (level 3): Here, the vehicle can handle most driving tasks, but the driver must be ready to take control when requested.
Step 6
Describe how autonomous vehicle technology may impact on any two of the following:
Answer
(i) Vehicle ownership: With the rise of autonomous vehicles, shared ownership models may become prevalent as consumers may prefer calling a vehicle on demand rather than owning one.
(ii) Traffic management: Autonomous vehicles are expected to communicate with each other and traffic systems, potentially reducing congestion and improving flow on roadways.