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Answer any three of the following: (i) Outline the function of the fulcrum in relation to levers - Leaving Cert Engineering - Question b - 2022
Question b
Answer any three of the following: (i) Outline the function of the fulcrum in relation to levers. (ii) Describe an energy conversion that takes place in a car batt... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Answer any three of the following: (i) Outline the function of the fulcrum in relation to levers - Leaving Cert Engineering - Question b - 2022
Step 1
Outline the function of the fulcrum in relation to levers.
Answer
The fulcrum is the pivotal point on which a lever balances. When a force is applied to one end of the lever, where a load is placed, the lever will lift upwards on the opposite side. The position of the fulcrum is crucial as it affects the mechanical advantage and the efficiency of the lever, determining how much load can be lifted based on the applied force.
Step 2
Describe an energy conversion that takes place in a car battery.
Answer
In a car battery, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. When the battery is in use, a chemical reaction occurs between the lead plates and the sulfuric acid electrolyte, producing electrons and creating a flow of electricity, which powers the vehicle's electrical systems.
Step 3
Describe, with the aid of a diagram, the operation of a bevel gear system.
Answer
Bevel gears are designed to transmit power between shafts that are set at right angles to one another. In a typical bevel gear system, two gears intersect at their axes, and their tooth-bearing surfaces are angled. As one gear rotates, it drives the other gear, creating rotational motion at a different axis, which is essential in various machinery.
Step 4
Explain one method of converting rotary motion to reciprocating motion.
Answer
A common method of converting rotary motion to reciprocating motion is through a crank and slider mechanism. In this system, a crank rotates around a fixed point and is connected to a slider via a connecting rod. As the crank moves in a circular path, the slider is forced to move back and forth in a linear path, thus converting the rotational motion into reciprocating motion.
Step 5
Distinguish between spur gears and helical gears.
Answer
Spur gears are the most common type of gears used in machinery. They have straight teeth that are aligned parallel to the gear's axis. On the other hand, helical gears have teeth that are set at an angle to the gear axis, which allows for smoother and quieter operation due to the progressive engagement of teeth. This results in better load distribution and increased efficiency when compared to spur gears.