Examine, with reference to examples you have studied, how conflict often occurs between the need to exploit natural resources and the need to protect the environment. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question C - 2007

1. Amazon Rainforest Deforestation: The Amazon rainforest is often cleared for agricultural purposes, particularly for cattle ranching and soy production. This exploitation not only contributes to loss of biodiversity but also exacerbates climate change through increased carbon emissions.

2. Oil Drilling in the Arctic: The push for oil extraction in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge raises significant environmental concerns. While it promises economic benefits, it threatens wildlife habitats and contributes to global warming.

In examining these conflicts, it becomes clear that the short-term economic benefits often overshadow long-term environmental consequences. For instance, in the case of the Amazon rainforest, local communities rely on the forest for their livelihoods, yet the push for agricultural expansion leads to tension among stakeholders.

Conversely, when discussing oil drilling in the Arctic, while there is a global demand for energy, the potential damage to fragile ecosystems poses questions of sustainability. The debate highlights differing priorities: local economic gain versus global environmental health. Such conflicts are emblematic of a broader struggle where immediate interests clash with ethical responsibilities towards protecting the earth.