Examine the impact of colonialism on a developing economy that you have studied. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 78 - 2019

Colonialism had both positive and negative impacts on India's economy:

Positive Impacts

1. Infrastructure Development: The British established a network of railways, roads, and ports, enhancing transportation and trade.
2. Introduction of Cash Crops: The colonial period saw the introduction of cash crops like cotton and tea, which integrated India into the global market.

Negative Impacts

1. Deindustrialization: The British policies favored British industries, leading to the decline of local crafts and industries.
2. Resource Exploitation: Colonial rule focused on extracting resources without reinvestment in the local economy, leading to economic stagnation.
3. Economic Inequality: The wealth generated during colonialism benefited the British and a small elite in India, amplifying poverty among the majority.

In conclusion, while colonialism did bring some infrastructure advancements, its overall impact was detrimental, hindering India's economic independence and development.