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Examine the positive and the negative impacts of colonialism on a developing country that you have studied. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question B - 2011
Question B
Examine the positive and the negative impacts of colonialism on a developing country that you have studied.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Examine the positive and the negative impacts of colonialism on a developing country that you have studied. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question B - 2011
Step 1
Positive impacts of colonialism
Answer
One of the notable positive impacts of colonialism is the introduction of infrastructure in developing countries. For example, during colonial rule, many regions saw the construction of roads, railways, and ports that facilitated trade and enhanced connectivity. This infrastructure laid the groundwork for future economic activity and could lead to significant development after independence.
Additionally, colonial powers often established educational institutions which contributed to the literacy rates in these developing regions. Education provided opportunities for the local population to acquire skills that were essential for participating in the global economy.
Moreover, colonialism sometimes led to the introduction of new technologies and agricultural practices that improved productivity in different sectors.
Step 2
Negative impacts of colonialism
Answer
Conversely, there were numerous negative impacts associated with colonialism. A primary negative consequence was the exploitation of local resources, where colonial powers extracted natural resources without benefiting the local population. This led to economic dependency and impoverishment of the local communities.
Furthermore, colonialism often resulted in social and cultural disruptions. Indigenous cultures were frequently suppressed, leading to a loss of identity and heritage. The imposition of foreign governance structures created political instability that has persisted long after independence.
Additionally, the division of land for colonial agriculture often displaced local communities, disrupting their livelihoods and social structures.
Step 3
Step 4
General Examination on Positive Impacts
Answer
The introduction of western medicine and health practices during the colonial era improved public health outcomes in India, decreasing mortality rates from diseases. Furthermore, the establishment of a rail network enabled the efficient transport of goods and people, integrating different regions of the economy.
The legal system introduced by the British also laid the groundwork for India's current legal structure, promoting a sense of justice and rights among citizens.
Step 5
General Examination on Negative Impacts
Answer
The economic policies favored by colonial rulers prioritized the export of raw materials to the detriment of local industries, stunting India's self-sufficiency. The consequences of partition, which stemmed from colonial divide-and-rule policies, led to communal tension and violence, deeply affecting social cohesiveness.
Furthermore, the socio-economic inequalities created during colonial times have persisted, with contemporary India still grappling with disparities rooted in its colonial past.