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Describe and explain changing patterns of migration in Ireland since 1950. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 1 - 2006
Question 1
Describe and explain changing patterns of migration in Ireland since 1950.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe and explain changing patterns of migration in Ireland since 1950. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 1 - 2006
Step 1
Identify Changes in Migration Patterns
Answer
Since 1950, migration patterns in Ireland have experienced significant shifts. These include:
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Emigration to the UK and USA: In the 1950s and 1980s, high levels of emigration were observed, primarily to the UK and the USA, driven by economic hardship and lack of employment opportunities in Ireland.
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Return Migration: Following periods of emigration, particularly in the 1990s and early 2000s, many Irish emigrants returned owing to improved economic conditions and the 'Celtic Tiger' period.
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Increased Immigration: In the late 1990s to early 2000s, Ireland saw a surge in immigration from Eastern Europe, particularly Poland, as a result of EU expansion and labor shortages.
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Recent Trends: In recent years, migration patterns have further evolved with increased diversity in immigrant populations and a shift toward more skilled migration.
Step 2
Discuss Economic Factors Influencing Migration
Answer
Economic factors have been pivotal in shaping migration patterns in Ireland.
- The economic downturn in the 1950s led to significant emigration as individuals sought better job prospects abroad.
- Conversely, the economic boom during the late 1990s attracted foreign workers to Ireland.
The shift in job opportunities directly impacted migration flows, with people leaving in times of recession and returning when the economy flourished.
Step 3
Examine Political and Social Factors
Answer
Political stability and EU membership have facilitated migration.
- Ireland's EU membership has made it more attractive for immigrants from other EU countries.
- Social factors such as family reunification and cultural ties also play critical roles, influencing individuals to move back to Ireland or settle in the country.
Step 4
Analyze Changes in Policy Impacting Migration
Answer
Government policies have also influenced migration patterns.
- The introduction of various immigration schemes in the 2000s encouraged skilled workers to come to Ireland.
- Policies surrounding citizenship and integration have also shaped the migration landscape, helping to foster a multicultural society.