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Examine Central Place Theory with reference to example(s) that you have studied. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 10B - 2019
Question 10B
Examine Central Place Theory with reference to example(s) that you have studied.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Examine Central Place Theory with reference to example(s) that you have studied. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 10B - 2019
Step 1
Examine Central Place Theory
Answer
Central Place Theory (CPT) was developed by Walter Christaller in 1933 to explain the size, number, and distribution of human settlements in a hierarchical order. The theory posits that settlements, referred to as 'central places', provide services to surrounding areas. The main purpose of CPT is to understand why cities are located where they are and how they serve as economic centers.
The theory introduces concepts such as the 'range' and 'threshold' of goods and services. The range is the maximum distance consumers are willing to travel to purchase a good or service, while the threshold is the minimum market size required to support a business. These factors influence the location and density of settlements.
A classic example of Central Place Theory can be observed in the distribution of towns and cities in Germany. Christaller’s study of a hexagonal market area illustrates how central places are evenly spaced to maximize accessibility and minimize travel distances for consumers.
Step 2
Example of Central Place Theory in Ireland
Answer
In Ireland, towns such as Kilkenny and Carlow serve as central places, functioning primarily to provide goods and services to their rural hinterlands. Kilkenny, being a larger settlement, offers a wider variety of services compared to Carlow, which is smaller and has a more limited range.
This distinction aligns with the CPT by demonstrating how larger central places cater to a broader area and more complex needs, while smaller places fulfill basic needs for nearby residents. Furthermore, geographical features such as rivers and transport routes heavily influence the location and number of these central places.
Step 3
Diagram of Central Place Theory
Answer
A valid labelled diagram can illustrate the central place model, showing the hexagonal market areas representing the range of different services from various settlements. The diagram should include the central place at the center of each hexagonal area, extending to the boundaries defined by the range of each service. Additional commentary on the diagram, such as the implications of distance and market size, can further elaborate on the application of Central Place Theory.