Describe and account for the specific characteristics of one global climate type that you have studied. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 24 - 2021

1. High Temperatures: Tropical rainforests maintain an average temperature range of 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F) year-round.

2. Significant Rainfall: This climate type receives between 1750 mm to 2000 mm (about 69 to 79 inches) of rainfall annually, with monthly rainfall often exceeding 100 mm (3.9 inches).

3. Humidity Levels: Humidity levels in tropical rainforests are typically high, often ranging from 77% to 88%, contributing to a lush and dense canopy of trees.

4. Biodiversity: The tropical rainforest climate supports a rich variety of plant and animal species, making it one of the most biodiverse ecosystems on the planet.

The characteristics of the Tropical Rainforest Climate can be attributed to several factors:

1. Geographical Location: Situated near the equator, these regions receive direct sunlight year-round, resulting in consistently high temperatures.

2. Trade Winds: The convergence of trade winds at the equatorial region leads to increased moisture accumulation, resulting in significant precipitation.

3. Topography and Elevation: Many tropical rainforest areas are influenced by mountainous terrains that can enhance precipitation through orographic lift, leading to even higher rainfall.

4. Humidity and Vegetation: The dense vegetation in these climate zones contributes to high humidity levels through transpiration, maintaining the moisture cycle essential for plant growth.