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Examine how each of the following impact on soil characteristics: - Overgrazing - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 16 - 2019
Question 16
Examine how each of the following impact on soil characteristics: - Overgrazing. - Desertification. - Conservation methods.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Examine how each of the following impact on soil characteristics: - Overgrazing - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 16 - 2019
Step 1
Overgrazing
Answer
Overgrazing occurs when livestock are allowed to graze a particular area for too long without sufficient recovery time. This leads to the removal of vegetation cover which exposes the soil to erosion. The loss of plants reduces soil structure, leading to compaction and decreased water infiltration. Nutrient depletion also occurs as the organic matter that contributes to soil fertility is diminished. Overall, overgrazing can result in significant deterioration of soil quality, making it less productive and more vulnerable to degradation.
Step 2
Desertification
Answer
Desertification is the process whereby fertile land becomes increasingly arid and unproductive, often as a result of various factors including climate change and human activities. This phenomenon typically leads to the loss of soil nutrients, increased soil salinity, and a reduction in organic matter. As unproductive land spreads, the remaining fertile soil is often left under greater pressure from agricultural or grazing activities, contributing further to soil degradation. Ultimately, desertification significantly impacts soil characteristics by deteriorating quality and reducing agricultural viability.
Step 3
Conservation methods
Answer
Conservation methods are practices implemented to protect and restore soil health. Techniques such as crop rotation, reduced tillage, and cover cropping enhance soil structure and fertility. These methods improve moisture retention and reduce erosion by maintaining vegetative cover, which protects soil from wind and water impact. Additionally, incorporating organic matter into the soil through compost and mulch can increase biological activity and nutrient content. Overall, conservation methods enhance soil characteristics, fostering sustainability and resilience against adverse environmental factors.