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Examine the influence of mineral matter, air, water and organic matter on soil development. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 17 - 2019
Question 17
Examine the influence of mineral matter, air, water and organic matter on soil development.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Examine the influence of mineral matter, air, water and organic matter on soil development. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 17 - 2019
Step 1
Influence of Mineral Matter on Soil Development
Answer
Mineral matter is crucial for soil development as it provides the essential nutrients required for plant growth. These minerals originate from the weathering of rocks and contribute to the soil's texture, structure, and ability to hold water and nutrients. The mineral composition can also affect drainage and aeration, which are vital for root development.
Step 2
Influence of Air on Soil Development
Answer
Air in soil is significant for respiration of plant roots and soil organisms. It facilitates the exchange of gases, ensuring that roots receive adequate oxygen and that excess carbon dioxide is expelled. Proper aeration is critical, as compacted soils can hinder this exchange and negatively affect plant growth.
Step 3
Influence of Water on Soil Development
Answer
Water is an essential component of soil, influencing its physical and chemical properties. It aids in the weathering of minerals, transportation of nutrients, and supports microbial activity. Water availability affects soil moisture, which is vital for seed germination and plant growth. Too much or too little water can lead to soil erosion or desertification, respectively.
Step 4
Influence of Organic Matter on Soil Development
Answer
Organic matter plays a pivotal role in soil fertility, structure, and water retention. It enhances nutrient availability and microbial activity, which contribute to soil health. Decomposed organic materials improve soil structure, promoting aeration and water infiltration. The presence of organic matter increases the soil's ability to sustain plant life, making it a fundamental aspect of soil development.