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Various soil patterns have developed in different regions of the world because of the action of different soil forming processes - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 17 - 2016
Question 17
Various soil patterns have developed in different regions of the world because of the action of different soil forming processes. Discuss.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Various soil patterns have developed in different regions of the world because of the action of different soil forming processes - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 17 - 2016
Step 1
Identifying the different soil patterns
Answer
Soil patterns worldwide can be categorized based on their formation processes, commonly influenced by factors such as climate, topography, parent material, and biological activity. For example, the development of
- Chernozem: Rich black soil found in temperate grasslands, formed from the decomposition of grass roots, which is abundant in organic matter.
- Laterite: Typically found in tropical regions, known for its high iron and aluminum content produced through the leaching of soil, and often rich in nutrients.
- Desert Soil: Characterized by low organic matter and high salinity, which develops in arid regions lacking sufficient precipitation.
Step 2
Discussing the soil forming processes
Answer
Soil formation is influenced by a range of processes. Key processes include:
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Weathering: Physical and chemical breakdown of rocks. For instance, granite weathers to form sandy soils.
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Leaching: The removal of soluble materials from the soil, often resulting in nutrient depletion. This is significant in tropical rainforests.
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Organic Matter Accumulation: Through the decay of living organisms, soil quality can improve, as seen in regions such as prairie grasslands, enhancing the fertility of Chernozem.
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Animal Activity: Burrowing animals (like earthworms) aerate the soil and contribute organic matter, impacting soil health and structure.
Step 3
Overall coherence and conclusion
Answer
Understanding soil patterns requires integrating information about local environments and climate conditions. For example, the transition from high rainfall to dry desert areas demonstrates how distinct soil types emerge based on biological and physical processes. This discussion highlights how soils are dynamic, constantly shaped by their environment, contributing significantly to ecosystem diversity and agricultural productivity.