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Various soil patterns have developed because of the action of different soil forming processes - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 16 - 2021
Question 16
Various soil patterns have developed because of the action of different soil forming processes. Discuss.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Various soil patterns have developed because of the action of different soil forming processes - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 16 - 2021
Step 1
Identifying aspect: Weathering Processes
Answer
Soil patterns are greatly influenced by weathering processes, which involve the physical and chemical breakdown of rocks. These processes can be categorized into mechanical weathering, where physical forces disintegrate rock, and chemical weathering, where reactions alter the mineral composition.
The result is a range of soil textures and structures. For instance, clay-rich soils may emerge from chemically weathered materials, while sandy soils often result from mechanical weathering in arid climates.
Step 2
Identifying aspect: Parent Material
Answer
The type of parent material contributes to the characteristics of the soil. Soils developed from volcanic ash exhibit a high nutrient profile due to the minerals present, while those from quartz-rich sandy substrates may reflect lower fertility.
Variations in mineral composition lead to diverse soil types, each supporting different vegetation and agricultural practices.
Step 3
Identifying aspect: Climate Effects
Answer
Climate massively impacts soil formation, influencing both biological activity and weathering rates. In wetter climates, leaching occurs, washing away nutrients and minerals, which can lead to the development of podzols. Conversely, in drier regions, soils can conserve nutrients better, leading to fertile agricultural lands.
Therefore, climatic conditions shape not just the soil's nutrient content but also its texture and color.