A region is an area that has one or more characteristics that distinguish it from other areas - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 1 - 2007

Temperature Range: The Mediterranean climate experiences annual temperatures averaging between 10°C and 24°C, with summer months regularly exceeding 30°C.

Precipitation Patterns: This region receives most of its rainfall during the winter months, averaging between 300mm and 1,000mm annually, making summer months particularly dry.

Seasonal Variations: Distinct wet and dry seasons contribute to the growth of various plant species that are adapted to the climate, including deciduous and evergreen trees.

Geographical Distribution: The Mediterranean climate is primarily found in regions such as Southern California, parts of Australia, the Mediterranean Basin, and central Chile.

Vegetation Types: Characteristic vegetation includes shrubs, herbs, and trees that are drought-resistant, with dominant species such as cork oak and various aromatic plants.

Soil Types: Soils in Mediterranean regions are often characterized by a clayey texture, which retains moisture during the drier months and supports agricultural practices such as viticulture.

Human Activity: This climatic region supports a variety of agricultural activities, including the cultivation of olives, grapes, and citrus fruits, leading to a thriving wine industry.

Impact on Biodiversity: The Mediterranean climate fosters rich biodiversity due to its unique vegetation and varying landforms, providing habitats for numerous species both terrestrial and marine.