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Select any one of the following surface processes: - Coastal processes - River processes - Glacial processes - Leaving Cert Geography - Question B (i) - 2014
Question B (i)
Select any one of the following surface processes: - Coastal processes - River processes - Glacial processes. Explain, with the aid of diagrams, the formation of a... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Select any one of the following surface processes: - Coastal processes - River processes - Glacial processes - Leaving Cert Geography - Question B (i) - 2014
Step 1
Formation of a Coastal Landform: A Spit
Answer
A spit is a coastal landform formed by the deposition of sediment carried by longshore drift. This process occurs when waves approach the shore at an angle, moving sand along the coastline. As the sand accumulates, it extends out into the water, creating a spit, which is often curved at the end due to changes in current direction.
In this diagram, the land and water interact, showing how the spit evolves over time. The key processes involved include:
- Wave action: Waves transport sediment towards the shoreline.
- Longshore drift: The movement of sediment along the coast, leading to the formation of the spit.
This process results in unique geographic features that alter local ecosystems and can create sheltered water areas behind the spit.
Step 2
Formation of a Coastal Landform: A Barrier Island
Answer
A barrier island is a coastal landform that runs parallel to the mainland, formed by the accumulation of sand deposited by wave action and currents. Barrier islands can protect the coast from erosion and storm surges.
The processes involved in the formation of a barrier island are:
- Sediment transport: Waves and currents transport sand from the continental shelf to create the island.
- Wind action: Wind contributes to the formation by blowing sand into dunes, which helps to establish the island's structure.
These islands are vital to coastal ecosystems and can serve as habitats for various wildlife while also providing recreational opportunities.