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Discuss the geographical distribution and the impacts of constructive plate boundaries. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question C - 2016
Question C
Discuss the geographical distribution and the impacts of constructive plate boundaries.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Discuss the geographical distribution and the impacts of constructive plate boundaries. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question C - 2016
Step 1
Identify the impacts of constructive plate boundaries
Answer
Constructive plate boundaries, also known as divergent boundaries, occur where tectonic plates move apart from each other. The impacts of these boundaries include:
- Formation of New Crust: As magma rises from the mantle to fill the gap, it creates new oceanic crust.
- Earthquakes: Shallow focus earthquakes can occur due to the movement of plates, though these are usually less severe compared to those at other boundary types.
- Volcanic Activity: There is typically a high level of volcanic activity along these boundaries, often resulting in the formation of mid-ocean ridges.
- Geographical Features: Notable geological structures such as rift valleys and oceanic ridges are formed as a result of plate separation.
Step 2
Reference to geographical distribution
Answer
Constructive plate boundaries are predominantly found beneath the oceans, specifically at mid-ocean ridges, where tectonic plates diverge. One significant example is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which runs through the Atlantic Ocean, contributing to the formation of new ocean floor as the Eurasian and North American plates separate. Additionally, rift valleys, such as the East African Rift, showcase constructive boundaries on continental crust.
Step 3
Discussion of impacts
Answer
The impacts of constructive plate boundaries extend beyond geological formations to include:
- Ecological Effects: The creation of new landforms can lead to unique ecosystems. For instance, new volcanic islands can become habitats for diverse species.
- Economic Implications: Regions near constructive boundaries may benefit from geothermal energy, where heat from the Earth's interior is harnessed for power.
- Natural Hazards: While less destructive than convergent boundaries, the earthquakes and volcanic eruptions at constructive boundaries can pose risks to nearby communities.
- Cultural Impact: The landscapes created by volcanic activity can influence human settlement patterns and resource utilization.
In summary, constructive plate boundaries play a critical role in shaping both the Earth's surface and human interaction with the environment.