James Clerk Maxwell, a Scottish physicist, is considered the greatest theoretical physicist of the nineteenth century - Leaving Cert Physics - Question 9 - 2018
Question 9
James Clerk Maxwell, a Scottish physicist, is considered the greatest theoretical physicist of the nineteenth century. Early in his career he investigated colour and... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:James Clerk Maxwell, a Scottish physicist, is considered the greatest theoretical physicist of the nineteenth century - Leaving Cert Physics - Question 9 - 2018
Step 1
(i) list the primary colours of light
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The primary colours of light are Red, Green, and Blue.
Step 2
(ii) name a pair of complementary colours of light
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An example of a pair of complementary colours of light is Red and Cyan.
Step 3
What is a magnetic field?
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A magnetic field is a region where magnetic forces can be detected, causing charged particles to experience a force.
Step 4
(iii) a long straight current-carrying wire
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The magnetic field around a long straight current-carrying wire forms concentric circles. Labels should indicate the wire at the center and the direction of the magnetic field lines using arrows.
Step 5
(iv) a current-carrying solenoid
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The magnetic field inside a current-carrying solenoid is uniform and is represented by parallel lines. The ends of the solenoid can be indicated as north (N) and south (S) poles.
Step 6
State Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.
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Faraday's law states that the emf induced is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through a conductor.
Step 7
Describe an experiment to demonstrate this law.
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An experiment can be set up using a coil connected to a galvanometer. When a magnet is moved in and out of the coil, the galvanometer detects the induced emf, demonstrating that a changing magnetic field induces current.
Step 8
What is the average emf induced in the coil when it is rotated through 90° in ¼ of a second?
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To calculate the average emf (E) induced, we use the formula:
E = - rac{d heta}{dt}B A
Here, the change in area (A) is 0.022 m², the flux density (B) is 50 mT, and the time (t) is ¼ of a second. The average emf is calculated as follows:
E = 40 imes (50 imes 10^{-3})(0.02^2) imes rac{1}{0.25} = 0.32 ext{ V}
Step 9
Where in the eye is light detected?
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Light is detected in the retina of the eye.
Step 10
List two invisible parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that have a shorter wavelength than visible light.
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Invisible parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that have shorter wavelengths than visible light include ultraviolet light and X-rays.
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