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Nuclear fission occurs in the reactor of a nuclear power station like the one shown in the photograph - Leaving Cert Physics - Question d - 2013
Question d
Nuclear fission occurs in the reactor of a nuclear power station like the one shown in the photograph. (i) What is nuclear fission? (ii) Name a fuel used in a nucl... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Nuclear fission occurs in the reactor of a nuclear power station like the one shown in the photograph - Leaving Cert Physics - Question d - 2013
Step 1
What is nuclear fission?
Answer
Nuclear fission is the process of splitting a large nucleus into two or more smaller nuclei. This reaction results in the release of a significant amount of energy, often as radiation, and also releases neutrons which can further propagate the fission reaction.
Step 2
Step 3
How can the reaction in a nuclear reactor be controlled?
Answer
The reaction in a nuclear reactor can be controlled by adjusting the position of control rods, which are made of neutron-absorbing materials. By inserting or withdrawing these rods, the rate of the fission reaction can be increased or decreased. Additionally, maintaining proper coolant flow helps manage the reactor's temperature.
Step 4
How is the energy produced in a reactor used to generate electricity?
Answer
The energy produced from nuclear fission generates heat. This heat is used to produce steam, which drives a turbine connected to a generator. The mechanical energy from the turbine is then converted into electrical energy.
Step 5
State a hazard of nuclear reactors.
Answer
One significant hazard of nuclear reactors is the potential for radiation release during a malfunction or accident. Other hazards include:
- Nuclear pollution, which can affect the environment and public health.
- Difficulty in dealing with nuclear waste, which remains hazardous for thousands of years.