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How are X-rays produced?  - Leaving Cert Physics - Question i - 2009
Question i
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How are X-rays produced? 
Worked Solution & Example Answer:How are X-rays produced?  - Leaving Cert Physics - Question i - 2009
Step 1
Accelerated / fast moving electrons
Answer
X-rays are produced when electrons are accelerated to high speeds. This acceleration is typically achieved through the use of a high-voltage electrical source within an X-ray tube. The electrons gain significant kinetic energy as they are forced through a vacuum.
Step 2
Strike a (heavy) metal (target) anode
Answer
Once the electrons are moving rapidly, they are directed towards a heavy metal target, often referred to as the anode. Upon striking this target, the kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into X-ray photons. This process involves both bremsstrahlung (braking radiation) and characteristic radiation, depending on the interaction of the electrons with the target material.