Detailed Plot Summary

Introduction and Setting:

Hamilton begins by introducing Alexander Hamilton, an ambitious and determined orphan from the Caribbean. The opening number, "Alexander Hamilton," sets the stage for his journey from an impoverished childhood to becoming a key figure in the American Revolution and the early United States government. The musical is set against the backdrop of the American Revolutionary War and the formation of the new nation, moving through various significant locations like New York City, battlefields, and the political hubs of Philadelphia and Washington, D.C.

Arrival in New York and Early Ambitions:

Hamilton arrived in New York City in 1776, eager to make a name for himself. He quickly befriends other young revolutionaries, including John Laurens, Marquis de Lafayette, and Hercules Mulligan, who share his passion for independence from Britain. Together, they join the revolution, and Hamilton catches the attention of General George Washington, who offers him a position as his aide-de-camp. Despite his desire to fight on the front lines, Hamilton accepts, seeing it as an opportunity to prove himself.

The Revolutionary War:

As Washington's right-hand man, Hamilton played a critical role in the Revolutionary War. Key events during this period include the Battle of Yorktown, where Hamilton led a decisive assault that helped secure American victory. Throughout the war, Hamilton's strategic brilliance and tireless work ethic earned him Washington's trust, although Hamilton continued to yearn for command and glory on the battlefield.

Personal Life and Marriage:

During the war, Hamilton meets and marries Eliza Schuyler, who is from a wealthy and influential New York family. The marriage is depicted in the songs "Helpless" and "Satisfied," the latter offering a unique perspective from Eliza's sister, Angelica, who harbours feelings for Hamilton but sacrifices her desires for her sister's happiness. This marriage brings Hamilton into New York's elite, but his relentless drive to achieve more often causes strain in his personal relationships.

Rise to Political Power:

After the war, Hamilton returned to New York, where he practised law and eventually became one of the authors of the Federalist Papers, a series of essays advocating for the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. His contributions to the Constitution's creation solidified his reputation as a brilliant thinker and writer. When George Washington became the first President of the United States, he appointed Hamilton as the first Secretary of the Treasury.

As Treasury Secretary, Hamilton established the foundations of the American financial system, including creating the national bank, federal taxes, and the concept of assuming state debts. His economic plans were opposed, particularly by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, who feared that Hamilton's policies favoured the wealthy and centralised too much power in the federal government.

Conflict with Jefferson and Political Struggles:

The conflict between Hamilton and Jefferson becomes a significant theme of the musical, representing the broader ideological battle between Federalists, who favour a strong central government, and Republicans, who advocate for states' rights. This rivalry culminated in several key political confrontations, including the debates over the national bank and the capital's location. It was ultimately resolved through the Compromise of 1790, where Hamilton agreed to move the capital to Washington, D.C., in exchange for support of his financial plan.

The Reynolds Affair and Personal Downfall:

Hamilton's political career suffers a significant blow due to his personal indiscretions. In 1791, he begins an affair with Maria Reynolds, which leads to a scandal when her husband blackmails him. Hamilton publishes the Reynolds Pamphlet to protect his political career, openly admitting to the affair. While he successfully avoids accusations of financial corruption, the scandal tarnishes his reputation and deeply hurts his wife, Eliza.

Ongoing Rivalry with Aaron Burr:

Hamilton's rivalry with Aaron Burr, a fellow politician and former friend, is another central plot line. Burr, who is portrayed as more opportunistic and cautious compared to Hamilton's bold and passionate approach, grows increasingly resentful of Hamilton's success. Their tensions escalate over time, with Hamilton thwarting Burr's political ambitions on multiple occasions, including the presidential election of 1800, where Hamilton's influence helps Thomas Jefferson defeat Burr.

The Climactic Duel:

The long-standing animosity between Hamilton and Burr reached its tragic climax in 1804. Burr, feeling betrayed and humiliated by Hamilton's actions, challenges him to a duel. Hamilton accepts despite his reservations and the pleas of those close to him. The duel takes place in Weehawken, New Jersey, where Hamilton intentionally aims his pistol at the sky, but Burr fires directly at Hamilton, fatally wounding him.

Resolution and Legacy:

As Hamilton lies dying, the musical reflects on his legacy and the impact of his life's work. The final number, "Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story," explores how history will remember Hamilton and the other key figures of the American Revolution. Eliza Hamilton is pivotal in preserving and shaping her husband's legacy. She established the first private orphanage in New York City, ensuring that Alexander Hamilton's story and contributions to the United States were not forgotten.

The musical ends with a powerful reminder that history is written by those who survive, and our stories can shape the legacy of even the most influential figures. Hamilton emphasises themes of ambition, legacy, and the complexities of history, leaving audiences with a deep appreciation for the man who helped lay the foundations of the United States.