The Larne Gun-Running (1914)

1. Cause: The Larne gun-running was a response to the proposed Third Home Rule Bill, which the Ulster Unionists saw as a threat to their British identity and economic prosperity.

2. Ulster Volunteers: The Ulster Volunteers were a paramilitary force created by Unionists to resist the implementation of Home Rule.

3. Preparation: In preparation for a potential conflict, the Ulster Unionist Council imported arms from Germany to arm the Ulster Volunteers.

4. April 24, 1914: The Larne gun-running took place. Under cover of night, about 25,000 rifles and 3 million rounds of ammunition were landed at Larne, Bangor, and Donaghadee in County Antrim.

5. Efficiency: The operation was meticulously planned and executed with remarkable efficiency. The arms were quickly distributed among Ulster Volunteers throughout the province.

6. British Response: The Royal Irish Constabulary and the British Army were aware of the operation but were ordered by the authorities to stand down and not interfere.

7. Public Reaction: The success of the gun-running operation and the authorities' lack of response boosted the Unionists' morale and increased tension in Ireland.

8. World War I: The outbreak of World War I led to the postponement of Home Rule, and the Ulster Volunteers, along with the majority of the Irish Volunteers, joined the British war effort.

9. Partition: The Larne gun-running highlighted the Unionists' determination to resist Home Rule, which was a significant factor in the eventual partition of Ireland.

10. Legacy: The Larne gun-running is a pivotal moment in Irish history, showing the lengths Unionists would go to maintain their connection with Britain. It also set a precedent for arming paramilitary groups in Ireland, a pattern that was to repeat itself throughout the 20th century.