Logarithmic Functions (AQA A-Level Mathematics): Flashcards

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Logarithmic Functions
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Meaning of log⁡3(27)\log_3(27)

What power of 33 gives 2727?

Default base when not written in logarithm

1010

log⁡a(y)=x\log_a(y) = x means

ax=ya^x = y

Constraints on base aa in log⁡a(y)\log_a(y)

a>0a > 0 and a≠1a \neq 1

Notation for common logarithm

log⁡(y)\log(y) or log⁡10(y)\log_{10}(y)

Notation for natural logarithm

ln⁡(y)\ln(y) or log⁡e(y)\log_e(y), e≈2.718e \approx 2.718

Product rule for logarithms

log⁡a(xy)=log⁡a(x)+log⁡a(y)\log_a(xy) = \log_a(x) + \log_a(y)

Quotient rule for logarithms

log⁡a(xy)=log⁡a(x)−log⁡a(y)\log_a(\frac{x}{y}) = \log_a(x) - \log_a(y)

Power rule for logarithms

log⁡a(xn)=nlog⁡a(x)\log_a(x^n) = n \log_a(x)

Change of base formula

log⁡a(x)=log⁡b(x)log⁡b(a)\log_a(x) = \frac{\log_b(x)}{\log_b(a)}

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