Modelling with Differential Equations (AQA A-Level Mathematics): Quizzes

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Modelling with Differential Equations
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Which fields commonly use differential equations for modelling?

Physics, biology, economics, engineering

What is the first step in modelling with differential equations?

Identify dependent & independent variables

For exponential growth where rate is proportional to size, what is the differential equation?

dPdt=kP\frac{dP}{dt} = kP

What is the solution to dPdt=kP\frac{dP}{dt} = kP for exponential growth/decay?

P(t)=P0ektP(t) = P_0 e^{kt}

In P(t)=P0ektP(t) = P_0 e^{kt}, what happens when k<0k < 0?

The population decays exponentially

What is Newton's Law of Cooling differential equation?

dTdt=−k(T−Tr)\frac{dT}{dt} = -k(T - T_r)

In Newton's Law of Cooling, what does T(t)T(t) approach over time?

The room temperature TrT_r

What type of differential equation describes harmonic motion of a mass on a spring?

Second-order linear with constant coefficients

For harmonic motion, what is the differential equation using Hooke's Law and Newton's second law?

d2xdt2+kmx=0\frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + \frac{k}{m}x = 0

In harmonic motion solution x(t)=Acos⁡(ωt)+Bsin⁡(ωt)x(t) = A\cos(\omega t) + B\sin(\omega t), what is ω\omega?

ω=km\omega = \sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}

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