Forced vibrations and resonance (AQA A-Level Physics): Flashcards

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Forced vibrations and resonance
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Free vibrations

Oscillations at natural frequency without continuous external force

Natural frequency

Inherent rate of oscillation of a system

Forced vibrations

Oscillations caused by external driving force

Driving frequency

Frequency of the external driving force

Resonance occurs when

Driving frequency matches natural frequency

Radio tuning uses resonance to

Select desired broadcast signals

Resonance risk in bridges

Violent oscillations cause structural damage

Damping

Reduction of energy in oscillating system

Critical damping (ζ\zeta value)

ζ=1\zeta = 1, oscillations cease quickly without overshoot

Damping widens resonance peak to

Make system less sensitive to driving frequencies

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