Free Will & Determinism (AQA A-Level Psychology): Flashcards

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Free Will & Determinism
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Free will

Humans make genuine choices, not entirely controlled by biological/external forces

Determinism

Behaviour shaped by internal/external forces, not conscious will

Hard determinism

Free will is impossible; all behaviour has a cause

Soft determinism

Events have causes but behaviour can involve conscious choices

Biological determinism

Behaviour caused by genetic, hormonal, evolutionary influences

Environmental determinism

Behaviour results from environmental conditioning (Skinner)

Psychic determinism

Behaviour determined by unconscious conflicts from childhood (Freud)

Libet & Soon research finding

Brain activity precedes conscious awareness of decision by 10 sec

Reciprocal determinism (Bandura)

We influence environment & environment influences us via behaviour

Roberts et al. (2000) finding

Adolescents with fatalism belief at greater risk of depression

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