Behavioural Explanations of Phobias (AQA A-Level Psychology): Flashcards
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Practise the cards
10 cards from this deck
Behavioural approach views phobias as
Behavioural approach views phobias as
Learned responses from environmental experiences
Two-process model explains
Two-process model explains
Phobia acquisition & maintenance
Classical conditioning explains
Classical conditioning explains
Phobia acquisition through association
Operant conditioning explains
Operant conditioning explains
Phobia maintenance via negative reinforcement
Watson & Rayner: Little Albert developed
Watson & Rayner: Little Albert developed
Fear of white rat through conditioning
Little Albert's fear generalised to
Little Albert's fear generalised to
White furry objects (coat, Santa beard)
Negative reinforcement in phobias means
Negative reinforcement in phobias means
Avoidance reduces anxiety, strengthening the phobia
How neutral stimulus becomes conditioned stimulus
How neutral stimulus becomes conditioned stimulus
Paired with frightening experience (UCS)
Weakness: not everyone with trauma
Weakness: not everyone with trauma
Develops phobias - individual differences
Strength: systematic desensitisation success
Strength: systematic desensitisation success
Shows phobias learned & can be unlearned