Trapezium Rule (Numerical Integration) (Edexcel A-Level Mathematics): Flashcards

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Trapezium Rule (Numerical Integration)
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What does the upper bound estimate in integration?

It gives an overestimate of the area under the curve.

What is the upper bound for y=x2y = x^2 if x=5x = 5?

The upper bound is 2525 when xx is at its maximum value.

Calculate the area under y=x2y = x^2 from 00 to 55 using integral.

Area = ∫05x2dx=1253≈41.67\int_0^5 x^2 dx = \frac{125}{3} \approx 41.67.

What shape does the lower bound use in integration?

It uses rectangles that touch the curve's left-hand side.

How to find the lower bound of x2x^2 given bounds for xx?

Use the smallest value of xx, then square it.

What defines lower and upper bounds in definite integration?

LB is min, UB is max value of the integrand over the interval.

What does the Trapezium Rule do in numerical integration?

It provides an estimate of the area under a curve.

What is an overestimate for ∫05x2dx\int_0^5 x^2 dx using trapeziums?

The tops of trapeziums lie above the curve.

Calculate the trapezium rule for y=x2y = x^2 with strips.

Using h=1h = 1, result: 852\frac{85}{2}.

What can improve the trapezium estimate?

Using more or thinner strips enhances accuracy.

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