Stem Cells (OCR GCSE Biology A (Gateway Science Suite)): Flashcards
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What are stem cells?
What are stem cells?
Undifferentiated cells that divide to produce more stem cells or differentiate into specialised cells
What does pluripotent mean?
What does pluripotent mean?
Can differentiate into any cell type in the body
When do embryonic stem cells form?
When do embryonic stem cells form?
When egg and sperm fuse to create a zygote
Embryonic stem cells use for diabetes
Embryonic stem cells use for diabetes
Replace insulin-producing cells
Embryonic stem cells for spinal cord injuries
Embryonic stem cells for spinal cord injuries
Generate new nerve cells
What does multipotent mean?
What does multipotent mean?
Can form a limited range of cell types
Where are adult stem cells found?
Where are adult stem cells found?
Bone marrow and various body tissues
Medical use of adult stem cells
Medical use of adult stem cells
Bone marrow transplants for leukaemia & blood disorders
Where are meristematic stem cells found?
Where are meristematic stem cells found?
In meristems at tips of roots and shoots
Use of meristematic stem cells
Use of meristematic stem cells
Plant cloning to produce identical plants with desirable traits
What is therapeutic cloning?
What is therapeutic cloning?
Creating embryo with same genetic material as patient
Purpose of blastocyst stage
Purpose of blastocyst stage
Stage where embryonic stem cells can be harvested
Benefit of therapeutic cloning
Benefit of therapeutic cloning
Minimizes risk of rejection during transplantation
Challenge of harvesting embryonic stem cells
Challenge of harvesting embryonic stem cells
Involves destruction of the embryo
Risk of stem cells during treatment
Risk of stem cells during treatment
Contamination with viruses causing infections