Human Defence Systems (OCR GCSE Biology A (Gateway Science Suite)): Flashcards
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Practise the cards
15 cards from this deck
Non-specific defence system role
Non-specific defence system role
Prevents pathogens entering body
Skin defence mechanisms
Skin defence mechanisms
Physical barrier & antimicrobial secretions
Skin flora
Skin flora
Good microorganisms competing with bad ones for space/nutrients
Nose defence
Nose defence
Hairs & mucus prevent particles entering lungs
Mucus in trachea & bronchi
Mucus in trachea & bronchi
Traps pathogens
Cilia
Cilia
Hair-like structures that waft mucus upwards
Stomach defence mechanism
Stomach defence mechanism
Produces hydrochloric acid to kill pathogens
Specific immune system role
Specific immune system role
Destroys pathogens passing through non-specific system
White blood cells in specific immunity
White blood cells in specific immunity
Act in 3 ways: phagocytosis, antibodies, antitoxins
Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis
Engulfing & consuming pathogens
Antibodies
Antibodies
Bind to antigens, causing pathogens to clump
Antigens
Antigens
Structures on pathogen surface that antibodies bind to
Second infection response
Second infection response
Antibodies produced faster, individual immune
Immunity
Immunity
Not feeling symptoms from same pathogen again
Antitoxins
Antitoxins
Neutralise toxins by binding to them