Study the diagram above and answer each of the following questions - Junior Cycle Geography - Question 2A - 2018

The greenhouse effect occurs when gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the sun. This process can be explained as follows:

1. Solar radiation enters the Earth's atmosphere and reaches the surface.

2. The Earth's surface absorbs some of this solar energy and warms up.

3. As the surface temperature increases, it emits heat in the form of infrared radiation.

4. Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, in the atmosphere absorb some of this infrared radiation and re-radiate it in all directions, including back towards the Earth's surface, causing further warming.

Two ways to reduce the greenhouse effect include:

1. Increasing the number of electric or hybrid cars to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

2. Using renewable energy sources such as solar or wind energy to decrease carbon emissions.