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Desertification (i) Explain one natural cause and explain one human cause of desertification - Junior Cycle Geography - Question C. - 2016
Question C.
Desertification (i) Explain one natural cause and explain one human cause of desertification. (ii) Describe two effects of desertification.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Desertification (i) Explain one natural cause and explain one human cause of desertification - Junior Cycle Geography - Question C. - 2016
Step 1
Explain one natural cause and explain one human cause of desertification.
Answer
One significant natural cause of desertification is climate change, specifically global warming. As temperatures rise, there is an increase in evaporation rates, leading to drier conditions. This changing climate can transform once fertile land into arid zones, diminishing the capacity for vegetation to thrive, which is essential for maintaining soil structure and moisture.
On the other hand, a major human cause of desertification is deforestation. The clearing of forests for agriculture or urban development reduces the number of trees that help retain soil moisture. Without adequate vegetation, soil becomes more susceptible to erosion, nutrient depletion, and ultimately, desertification.
Step 2
Describe two effects of desertification.
Answer
One significant effect of desertification is loss of biodiversity. As ecosystems become degraded, many plant and animal species that rely on healthy, diverse habitats are unable to survive, leading to extinction and reduced biological richness.
Another critical effect is food insecurity. Desertification severely limits agricultural productivity due to soil degradation and reduced water availability, which can result in crop failures and subsequently lead to famine and economic instability in affected regions.