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What impact did German foreign policy have on the changing balance of power in Europe, 1871-1914? - Leaving Cert History - Question 1 - 2010
Question 1
What impact did German foreign policy have on the changing balance of power in Europe, 1871-1914?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:What impact did German foreign policy have on the changing balance of power in Europe, 1871-1914? - Leaving Cert History - Question 1 - 2010
Step 1
Analysis of German Foreign Policy
Answer
German foreign policy from 1871 was characterized by a shift from Bismarck's careful diplomacy to a more aggressive stance under Kaiser Wilhelm II. Bismarck sought to maintain peace through alliances, such as the Triple Alliance with Austria-Hungary and Italy, which aimed to isolate France. However, Wilhelm's ambition for 'Weltpolitik' led to increased tensions across Europe, disrupting the balance of power.
Step 2
Impact on European Alliances
Answer
The changes in Germany's foreign policy, particularly its naval expansion, alarmed Britain and France, leading to the formation of opposing alliances, namely the Triple Entente. This shift not only showcased the fragility of the balance of power but also set the stage for rivalries that contributed to the outbreak of World War I.
Step 3
Military Buildup and Tensions
Answer
German military policies further escalated tensions. The Schlieffen Plan exemplified Germany’s readiness for a two-front war, indicating an aggressive stance. This military buildup heightened fears among other powers, leading to an arms race and a growing atmosphere of suspicion.
Step 4
Conclusion
Answer
In conclusion, German foreign policy fundamentally altered the balance of power in Europe between 1871 and 1914. The shift from a stabilizing diplomacy to a more confrontational approach led to increased tensions, the reconfiguration of alliances, and ultimately, the conditions that precipitated World War I.