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How did industry develop in Europe, 1870-1914, and what was its impact on society? (100) - Leaving Cert History - Question 2 - 2016
Question 2
How did industry develop in Europe, 1870-1914, and what was its impact on society? (100)
Worked Solution & Example Answer:How did industry develop in Europe, 1870-1914, and what was its impact on society? (100) - Leaving Cert History - Question 2 - 2016
Step 1
How did industry develop in Europe, 1870-1914?
Answer
The period from 1870 to 1914 marked a significant transformation in industrial development across Europe. The Second Industrial Revolution introduced new technologies, such as electricity and the internal combustion engine, which revolutionized manufacturing processes. Factories grew larger and more specialized, leading to increased production efficiency. Furthermore, the expansion of the railway network facilitated the transport of raw materials and finished goods, enabling industries to thrive.
In addition, sectors such as steel production and chemicals experienced remarkable growth. The introduction of assembly line techniques further accelerated industrial output. For example, the production of consumer goods became more standardized and accessible, impacting everyday life for many Europeans.
Step 2
What was its impact on society?
Answer
The industrial development during this period had profound effects on European society. Firstly, it resulted in urbanization, as people flocked to cities for work in factories, leading to the rapid expansion of urban centers. This shift caused significant social changes, including the rise of new social classes, such as the industrial working class and the bourgeoisie.
Additionally, industrialization brought about economic prosperity but also challenges, including poor working conditions, child labor, and social unrest. Labor movements emerged as workers sought better wages and working conditions, ultimately leading to significant reforms. The impact extended to cultural and educational aspects, as increased literacy rates and access to education became vital in navigating the changing economic landscape.