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Irish healthy eating guidelines encourage people to eat a variety of foods based on the Food Pyramid - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 1 - 2013
Question 1
Irish healthy eating guidelines encourage people to eat a variety of foods based on the Food Pyramid. Findings are presented below on the percentage of respondents c... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Irish healthy eating guidelines encourage people to eat a variety of foods based on the Food Pyramid - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 1 - 2013
Step 1
In relation to the information provided in the chart, comment and elaborate on the percentage of respondents consuming the recommended number of daily servings from each shelf of the Food Pyramid.
Answer
The chart demonstrates varying trends in food consumption from 1998 to 2007.
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Cereals, breads and potatoes (6+ daily servings): There is a noticeable decrease from 40% in 1998 to 26% in 2007. This could indicate a shift towards lower carbohydrate intake, possibly in light of health campaigns emphasizing balanced diets.
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Fruit and vegetables (4+ daily servings): The percentage increased from 56% to 65%, highlighting a positive trend towards healthier eating habits in this category.
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Milk, cheese and yoghurt products (3 daily servings): A slight decrease from 22% to 20% might suggest changing preferences or reduced calcium intake among respondents.
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Meat, fish, poultry and alternatives (2 daily servings): Here, the increase from 36% to 39% indicates a growing inclusion of protein sources in diets.
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Top shelf: foods high in fats, sugar or salt (less than 3 daily servings): This category remains steady at 14%, suggesting consistent levels of processed food consumption among respondents.
Step 2
Identify and give an account of the main factors that are contributing to the prevalence of obesity in Ireland.
Answer
The prevalence of obesity in Ireland can be attributed to a combination of factors:
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Dietary Choices: Increased consumption of processed foods, high in sugars and fats, contributes significantly.
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Physical Inactivity: Sedentary lifestyles, lack of exercise, and reliance on vehicles for transport diminish energy expenditure.
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Socioeconomic Factors: Those in lower income brackets may have limited access to healthier food options and healthcare resources.
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Cultural Attitudes: Societal norms around food and body image can influence eating behaviors.
Step 3
Outline the significance of fatty acids in the diet.
Answer
Fatty acids play critical roles in maintaining health, including:
- Energy Source: They are a key source of energy.
- Cell Structure: Essential for building cell membranes.
- Hormonal Regulation: Involved in the production of hormones and other signaling molecules.
- Brain Function: Support cognitive functions and mental health.
Step 4
Describe the structure of each of the following: cis fatty acids
Answer
Cis fatty acids have hydrogen atoms on the same side of the double bond in the carbon chain, resulting in a bent shape. This structure influences their physical properties, making them typically liquid at room temperature.
Step 5
Describe the structure of each of the following: trans fatty acids
Answer
Trans fatty acids have hydrogen atoms on opposite sides of the double bond in the carbon chain. This linear structure allows them to resemble saturated fats, making them solid at room temperature and potentially harmful to health.
Step 6
Describe the structure of each of the following: omega 3 fatty acids
Answer
Omega-3 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids characterized by a double bond on the third carbon atom from the end of the carbon chain. They are significant for their heart health benefits and anti-inflammatory properties.
Step 7
Discuss how food labelling assists consumers in making informed food choices.
Answer
Food labeling serves critical roles in guiding consumer choices by:
- Nutritional Information: Labels provide details on calories, fats, sugars, and other nutrients.
- Ingredient Transparency: Allow consumers to identify food allergens and additives.
- Guidelines for Healthy Choices: Many labels include GDA (Guideline Daily Amount) markers which encourage healthier eating habits.
- Regulatory Compliance: Helps ensure that food products meet safety standards, thereby protecting consumer health.