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Current intakes of dietary fibre are generally inadequate in adults, with over 80% not meeting the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendation of 25-30 grams per day - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 1 - 2016
Question 1
Current intakes of dietary fibre are generally inadequate in adults, with over 80% not meeting the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendation of 25-30 gram... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Current intakes of dietary fibre are generally inadequate in adults, with over 80% not meeting the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendation of 25-30 grams per day - Leaving Cert Home Economics - Question 1 - 2016
Step 1
Using the information provided in the chart, comment and elaborate on the contribution of four foods to the intake of dietary fibre with reference to the two categories of people identified above.
Answer
The dietary fibre intake data shows significant differences between the two age groups. For adults aged 18-64, the top contributors include:
- Bread and rolls (26% contributing 4.8 grams): This is a major source of dietary fibre, particularly when whole grain is chosen. Higher fibre options can help meet dietary needs.
- Vegetables and vegetable dishes (17% contributing 3.3 grams): These provide essential vitamins and minerals along with fibre. Increasing variety and consumption can enhance overall health.
- Potatoes and potato products (13% contributing 2.2 grams): While they provide some fibre, preparation method is key; leaving skins on provides more fibre.
- Fruit and fruit juices (10% contributing 2.1 grams): Whole fruits offer fibre along with hydration and antioxidants; juices are lower in fibre.
For those aged 65 and older:
- The contributions remain relatively similar, with Bread and rolls still leading at 26% (5.4 grams), suggesting its role in diets across ages. Other contributions remain consistent, emphasizing the importance of dietary diversification for both age groups.
Step 2
Suggest three strategies to increase the intake of dietary fibre in order to meet the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendation.
Answer
- Breakfast Choices: Encourage individuals to choose high-fibre breakfast cereals. Aiming for cereals containing a minimum of 3g of fibre per 100g can noticeably improve fibre intake.
- Incorporating More Fruits and Vegetables: Aim to eat at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables daily. Simple changes like adding fruits to smoothies or salads can enhance intake.
- Increasing Whole Grain Consumption: Switch to whole grain versions of bread, pasta, and rice. Snacks can also be swapped for options like nuts and seeds which are rich in fibre.
Step 3
Evaluate the benefits of a diet rich in fibre.
Answer
A diet high in fibre offers numerous benefits:
- Digestive Health: Fibre aids in bowel regularity, preventing constipation and reducing the risk of colorectal cancer.
- Weight Management: High-fibre foods promote fullness, which can help in maintaining a healthy weight.
- Cholesterol Reduction: Soluble fibre can help lower LDL cholesterol levels and improve heart health.
Step 4
Name and give an account of one bowel disease.
Answer
One bowel disease is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). This functional gastrointestinal disorder can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits. Symptoms may include:
- Cramping and discomfort
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Excessive gas Treatment typically focuses on dietary adjustments, such as adding more fibre gradually and managing triggers.
Step 5
Suggest how individuals who have an irregular work schedule can manage to achieve a healthy balanced lifestyle and good dietary practices.
Answer
- Lifestyle Management: Maintain a balanced lifestyle by planning meals in advance, focusing on small, nutritious options that are easy to prepare and consume on the go.
- Dietary Habits: Ensure access to healthy snacks such as fruits, nuts, and low-fat dairy products. Cook larger portions during off days and store them for quick meals on busier days.
- Hydration: Stay hydrated by drinking water regularly and minimizing sugary drinks, which can disrupt health.