Reducing Surds (Junior Cert Mathematics): Flashcards

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Reducing Surds
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Define: surd

A square root that cannot be simplified to a whole number or fraction

Give 3 examples of surds

2\sqrt{2}, 3\sqrt{3}, 5\sqrt{5}

Why is 4\sqrt{4} not a surd?

It simplifies to a whole number (2)

Rule for adding/subtracting surds

Only add/subtract surds with same number inside root

Simplify: 35+253\sqrt{5} + 2\sqrt{5}

555\sqrt{5}

Can 43+224\sqrt{3} + 2\sqrt{2} be simplified?

No, 3\sqrt{3} and 2\sqrt{2} are different

Rule for multiplying surds

Multiply the numbers inside the square roots together

Simplify: 2×3\sqrt{2} \times \sqrt{3}

6\sqrt{6}

Rule for dividing surds

Divide the numbers inside the square roots

Simplify: 182\frac{\sqrt{18}}{\sqrt{2}}

33

What to look for when simplifying surds?

Perfect squares (4, 9, 16, 25, etc.)

Simplify: 72\sqrt{72}

626\sqrt{2}

Simplify: 50+18\sqrt{50} + \sqrt{18}

828\sqrt{2}

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