The Genetic Code (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards
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15 cards from this deck
What does the genetic code do?
What does the genetic code do?
DNA base sequence → amino acid sequence → proteins
Four DNA bases
Four DNA bases
Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Thymine (T)
Base that pairs with Adenine (A)
Base that pairs with Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Base that pairs with Cytosine (C)
Base that pairs with Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Number of H-bonds between A and T
Number of H-bonds between A and T
2 hydrogen bonds
Number of H-bonds between C and G
Number of H-bonds between C and G
3 hydrogen bonds
What is a triplet/codon?
What is a triplet/codon?
Sequence of 3 DNA bases that codes for an amino acid
Number of bases in a triplet
Number of bases in a triplet
3
Amino acid coded by triplet CAA
Amino acid coded by triplet CAA
Valine
Amino acid coded by triplet CGA
Amino acid coded by triplet CGA
Alanine
What do many triplets together form?
What do many triplets together form?
A gene
What are genes made up of?
What are genes made up of?
Long sequences of DNA bases
% of human DNA that is non-coding
% of human DNA that is non-coding
Up to 97%
Former name for non-coding DNA
Former name for non-coding DNA
'Junk' DNA
Role of non-coding DNA
Role of non-coding DNA
Regulates gene expression (turns genes 'on' or 'off')