The Genetic Code (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards
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What determines amino acid sequence in proteins?
What determines amino acid sequence in proteins?
Sequence of DNA bases
Four nitrogen bases in DNA
Four nitrogen bases in DNA
Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Thymine (T)
Base that pairs with Adenine (A)
Base that pairs with Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Base that pairs with Cytosine (C)
Base that pairs with Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
No. of hydrogen bonds between A and T
No. of hydrogen bonds between A and T
2 hydrogen bonds
No. of hydrogen bonds between C and G
No. of hydrogen bonds between C and G
3 hydrogen bonds
What is a triplet/codon?
What is a triplet/codon?
Sequence of 3 DNA bases
What does each triplet/codon code for?
What does each triplet/codon code for?
A specific amino acid
Amino acid coded by triplet CAA
Amino acid coded by triplet CAA
Valine
Amino acid coded by triplet CGA
Amino acid coded by triplet CGA
Alanine
What do many triplets form?
What do many triplets form?
A gene
% of human DNA that is non-coding
% of human DNA that is non-coding
Up to 97%
Old name for non-coding DNA
Old name for non-coding DNA
'Junk' DNA
Function of non-coding DNA
Function of non-coding DNA
Regulates gene expression (on/off switch)
What are genes made of?
What are genes made of?
Long sequences of DNA bases