Muscle Pairs, Joints, Cartilage, Ligaments, and Tendons (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards
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Energy form required for muscular contraction
Energy form required for muscular contraction
ATP
Can muscles push?
Can muscles push?
No, muscles can only pull
Antagonistic muscle pair
Antagonistic muscle pair
Two muscles with opposite effects to each other
Biceps muscle function
Biceps muscle function
Flexor - contracts to bend arm at elbow
Triceps muscle function
Triceps muscle function
Extensor - contracts to straighten arm at elbow
Function of immovable joints
Function of immovable joints
Provide strength, support and protection
Joint type with greatest movement range
Joint type with greatest movement range
Synovial joints
Function of synovial fluid
Function of synovial fluid
Lubricates joint and reduces friction
Fibrous protein in cartilage
Fibrous protein in cartilage
Collagen
Why cartilage heals slowly
Why cartilage heals slowly
No blood vessels - nutrients must diffuse through slowly
Protective function of cartilage
Protective function of cartilage
Protects bones and allows friction-free movement
What ligaments connect
What ligaments connect
Bone to bone
What tendons connect
What tendons connect
Muscle to bone
Why warm up helps ligaments
Why warm up helps ligaments
Ligaments more flexible when warm
Examples of synovial joints
Examples of synovial joints
Shoulders, hips, elbows, knees